PsalmS 109 and 110

Study of the Psalms

Welcome Prayer Song Silence Psalm 109 and 110 July 27th 2025

Okay, we would be remiss in our study of the Psalms if we did not finish reading at verse 105 under the Nun letter of Hebrew out until the end – here we go.

Psalm 119: Verses 105-152

105 NUN. Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path. 106 I have sworn, and I will perform it, that I will keep thy righteous judgments. 107 I am afflicted very much: quicken me, YAHAVAH, according unto thy word. 108 Accept, I beseech thee, the freewill offerings of my mouth, YAHAVAH, and teach me thy judgments. 109 My soul is continually in my hand: yet do I not forget thy law. 110 The wicked have laid a snare for me: yet I erred not from thy precepts. 111 Thy testimonies have I taken as an heritage for ever: for they are the rejoicing of my heart. 112 I have inclined mine heart to perform thy statutes alway, even unto the end. 113 SAMECH. I hate vain thoughts: but thy law do I love. 114 Thou art my hiding place and my shield: I hope in thy word. 115 Depart from me, ye evildoers: for I will keep the commandments of my God. 116 Uphold me according unto thy word, that I may live: and let me not be ashamed of my hope. 117 Hold thou me up, and I shall be safe: and I will have respect unto thy statutes continually. 118 Thou hast trodden down all them that err from thy statutes: for their deceit is falsehood. 119 Thou puttest away all the wicked of the earth like dross: therefore I love thy testimonies. 120 My flesh trembleth for fear of thee; and I am afraid of thy judgments.

121 AIN. I have done judgment and justice: leave me not to mine oppressors. 122 Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me. 123 Mine eyes fail for thy salvation, and for the word of thy righteousness. 124 Deal with thy servant according unto thy mercy, and teach me thy statutes. 125 I am thy servant; give me understanding, that I may know thy testimonies. 126 It is time for thee, YAHAVAH, to work: for they have made void thy law. 127 Therefore I love thy commandments above gold; yea, above fine gold. 128 Therefore I esteem all thy precepts concerning all things to be right; and I hate every false way.

129 PE. Thy testimonies are wonderful: therefore doth my soul keep them. 130 The entrance of thy words giveth light; it giveth understanding unto the simple. 131 I opened my mouth, and panted: for I longed for thy commandments. 132 Look thou upon me, and be merciful unto me, as thou usest to do unto those that love thy name. 133 Order my steps in thy word: and let not any iniquity have dominion over me. 134 Deliver me from the oppression of man: so will I keep thy precepts. 135 Make thy face to shine upon thy servant; and teach me thy statutes. 136 Rivers of waters run down mine eyes, because they keep not thy law.

Continuation of Psalm 119

137 TZADDI. Righteous art thou, YAHAVAH, and upright are thy judgments. 138 Thy testimonies that thou hast commanded are righteous and very faithful. 139 My zeal hath consumed me, because mine enemies have forgotten thy words. 140 Thy word is very pure: therefore thy servant loveth it. 141 I am small and despised: yet do not I forget thy precepts. 142 Thy righteousness is an everlasting righteousness, and thy law is the truth. 143 Trouble and anguish have taken hold on me: yet thy commandments are my delights. 144 The righteousness of thy testimonies is everlasting: give me understanding, and I shall live.

145 KOPH. I cried with my whole heart; hear me, YAHAVAH: I will keep thy statutes. 146 I cried unto thee; save me, and I shall keep thy testimonies. 147 I prevented the dawning of the morning, and cried: I hoped in thy word. 148 Mine eyes prevent the night watches, that I might meditate in thy word. 149 Hear my voice according unto thy lovingkindness: YAHAVAH, quicken me according to thy judgment. 150 They draw nigh that follow after mischief: they are far from thy law

Understanding Psalm 119

Thy statutes. Great are thy tender mercies, YAHAVAH: quicken me according to thy judgments. Many are my persecutors and mine enemies; yet do I not decline from thy testimonies. I beheld the transgressors, and was grieved; because they kept not thy word. Consider how I love thy precepts: quicken me, YAHAVAH, according to thy lovingkindness. Thy word is true from the beginning: and every one of thy righteous judgments endureth for ever. SCHIN. Princes have persecuted me without a cause: but my heart standeth in awe of thy word. I rejoice at thy word, as one that findeth great spoil. I hate and abhor lying: but thy law do I love. Seven times a day do I praise thee because of thy righteous judgments. Great peace have they which love thy law: and nothing shall offend them. YAHAVAH, I have hoped for thy salvation, and done thy commandments. My soul hath kept thy testimonies; and I love them exceedingly. I have kept thy precepts and thy testimonies: for all my ways are before thee.

Exploring Psalm 109

TAU. Let my cry come near before thee, YAHAVAH: give me understanding according to thy word. Let my supplication come before thee: deliver me according to thy word. My lips shall utter praise, when thou hast taught me thy statutes. My tongue shall speak of thy word: for all thy commandments are righteousness. Let thine hand help me; for I have chosen thy precepts. I have longed for thy salvation, YAHAVAH; and thy law is my delight. Let my soul live, and it shall praise thee; and let thy judgments help me. I have gone astray like a lost sheep; seek thy servant; for I do not forget thy commandments. Okay, so that was Psalm 119 and we ventured into that because it meshed so well with Psalm 107:20 which we covered last week. Today we are going to venture into Psalm 109 for two reasons – which we will address – and then we will move forward into Psalm 110 which presents us with a key to understanding so much of God and His work through His only Human Son.

Contextual Background of Psalm 109

Psalm 109 is reported to have been written by David of course but there is a contextual reason to think this is so. When David was King there was an uprising among the people who were influenced by his wayward son, Absolom. Well David had a confidant, a counselor named Ahithophel, who defected and went to counsel Absolom in his effort to take the Kingdom. It is believed that this Psalm speaks directly to this rebellion. At the same time, while David is bemoaning the traitors and insurrections against him, some believe that this psalm is Messianic and describes the heart of Christ when He was similarly treated. So in our first run through, consider both applications – first to David and the abandonment and traitorous behavior of Ahithophel, and then to Christ. Now while we read this, ask yourself about who betrayed Christ? Judas right? So for David his betrayer was Ahithophel and for Christ it was Judas. Verse 1

Psalm 109:1 To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David. Hold not thy peace, O God of my praise; For the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me: they have spoken against me with a lying tongue. They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause. For my love they are my adversaries: but I give myself unto prayer. And they have rewarded me evil for good, and hatred for my love. Set thou a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand. When he shall be judged, let him be condemned: and let his prayer become sinMissing the mark of faith and love—no punishment, just lost growth or peace.. Let his days be few; and let another take his office. Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow. Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek their bread also out of their desolate places. Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour. Let there be none to extend mercy unto him: neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children. Let his posterity be cut off; and in the generation following let their name be blotted out. Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered with YAHAVAH; and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.

Psalm 109 and Its Connections

Let them be before YAHAVAH continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth. Because that he remembered not to shew mercy, but persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart. As he loved cursing, so let it come unto him: as he delighted not in blessing, so let it be far from him. As he clothed himself with cursing like as with his garment, so let it come into his bowels like water, and like oil into his bones. Let it be unto him as the garment which covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually. Let this be the reward of mine adversaries from YAHAVAH, and of them that speak evil against my soul.

David’s Plea for Mercy

The Psalm goes on after addressing this situation and David adds: But do thou for me, O GOD YAHAVAH, for thy name’s sake: because thy mercy is good, deliver thou me. For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me. I am gone like the shadow when it declineth: I am tossed up and down as the locust. My knees are weak through fasting; and my flesh faileth of fatness. I became also a reproach unto them: when they looked upon me they shaked their heads. Help me, O LORD my God: O save me according to thy mercy: That they may know that this is thy hand; that thou, LORD, hast done it. Let them curse, but bless thou: when they arise, let them be ashamed; but let thy servant rejoice. Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, and let them cover themselves with their own confusion, as with a mantle. I will greatly praise YAHAVAH with my mouth; yea, I will praise him among the multitude. For he shall stand at the right hand of the poor, to save him from those that condemn his soul.

Connection to Judas and Ahithophel

Now, did anything we read trigger a memory for you of something referenced later by someone? That’s right, you probably caught verse 8 where David, possibly speaking of Ahithophel the traitor, said, “Let his days be few; and let another take his office.” And we remember that when the Apostles had gathered at Jerusalem on Pentecost, that Peter, moved about by His Jewish training, said to the others –

Acts 1:15: And in those days Peter stood up in the midst of the disciples, and said, (the number of names together were about an hundred and twenty,) Men and brethren, this scripture must needs have been fulfilled, which the Holy Ghost by the mouth of David spake before concerning Judas, which was guide to them that took Jesus. For he was numbered with us, and had obtained part of this ministry. Now this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity; and falling headlong, he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out. And it was known unto all the dwellers at Jerusalem; insomuch as that field is called in their proper tongue, Aceldama, that is to say, The field of blood. For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein: and his bishoprick let another take.

That is a direct quote from Psalm 109:8 which Peter used to reference the traitor Judas and what Peter believed was the need to replace him by casting lots and then electing Mathias as the twelfth apostle who would take Judas’s position. Of course, that was impetuous Peter acting without the Spirit of Christ (yet) and the fruit of it turned to nothing really, at least historically, because the labors of Mathias are non-existent but the one Yeshua would call to be His chosen Apostle to replace Judas would of course be Paul. But tying it all together, Peter cited Psalm 109:8 referencing Judas who had hung himself, and the interesting picture or type we discover here is when we read the fate of Ahithophel in 2nd Samuel 17:23 which says, “And when Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his ass, and arose, and gat him home to his house, to his city, and put his household in order, and hanged himself, and died, and was buried in the sepulchre of his father.” And so we have a messianic type for Judas right here in Psalm 109.

The Hebrew Term “Satan”

The second thing I want to point out is the reference in the chapter to the term, Satan, which is a Hebrew

The Concept of Satan in Ancient Texts

Translated to adversary in many places but this is the point – the translation appears to be was somewhat arbitrary which we will prove in a moment. When we look at the ancient text, Satan appears in the Old Testament in only a few places. The first time, our side of the book of Job, is in 1st Chronicles 21:1 where it reads in the King James, “And Satan stood up against Israel, and provoked David to number Israel.” Of course in Job the name or term is used eleven times then once in Psalms – here in chapter 109 – and then twice in Zechariah. That is it.

Evolution of the Term “Satan”

So understand, the concept of “Satan” as a specific, proper noun-named figure developed over time. It started out as a Hebrew word that means adversary or accuser, often generically as we see it representing some sort of being in the heavenly realm who tests and tries and opposes the people then over time, especially in the Apostolic Record, the Hebrew term or title, “Satan” became (in the minds of most Christians) a being with a literal actual proper noun name of SATAN representing a chief adversary against God and humanity also known as the devil and to some as Lucifer.

Remember that in the Book of Job the name Satan was always written with the article the as a prefix appears among the angels (called the Sons of God). Similarly, in Zechariah 3:1-2, “the satan” stands before Joshua the high priest to accuse him. These are the only instances where “the satan” is applied as a title or function within the heavenly court, not as a specific, named individual. But the Apostolic Record makes the use of the term, Satan as a proper name of the chief adversary against all that is of God. Because Yeshua calls him a liar and a murderer from the beginning we easily see the name as an indicator of this singular demonic superpower.

Later Christian writers further developed the figure of Satan, linking him to the “serpent in the Garden of Eden” and elaborating on his role as a tempter and deceiver. Finally, the idea of Satan being a literal fallen angel who rebelled against God and was cast out of heaven became ubiquitously known, used and now eternally referenced as the arch enemy of Man and the author of all evil.

Instances in Psalms

When we covered Job we did two parts on Satan there. Here in Psalm 109 we have an interesting take on the use of Satan in the text. Note the following. At verse six in the King James we read David say: Psalm 109:6 Set thou a wicked man over him: and let Satan stand at his right hand. Other translations choose to use adversary in verse six or accuser and in the face of context, that is all David seems to be asking – that his enemy would have an accuser or adversary put in his path. We read it and think demonic Lord and originator of all evil things but that is a leap in my estimation.

What is really interesting is that in two more places in this very chapter of Psalms, the Hebrew term Satan is used, but in those instances, adversary is the translation – and those are found in 109 verses. Psalm 109:20 where it reads: Let this be the reward <p@ullah> of mine adversaries <satan> from YAHAVAH, <Y@hovah> and of them that speak <dabar> evil <ra> against my soul. And Psalm 109:29 where it reads Let mine adversaries be clothed with shame, <k@limmah> and let them cover <atah> themselves with their own confusion, <bosheth> as with a mantle. <m@iyl> The bottom line – translator preference because the Hebrew term remains the same.

In the end, as most of you are aware, satan is merely a Hebrew word that means adversary or accuser, and was NEVER the personal pronoun name of a singular entity with the given name, Ha Satan. Moving out to the Apostolic Record, when Yeshua was speak about The Satan, it was always with reference to that which accused, that which was in an adversarial role – not a being. And I am personally convinced that the adversarial role of Ha Satan or the accuser of the brethren or the adversary of God were the leaders of the Nation in Yeshua’s day who, in the power of the Dark, used the Law to accuse the brethren. I am also convinced that this accords with Yeshua’s trials and temptations as their promised Messiah and their desire to make

The Power of Accusation and Fulfillment

of something from this world, and finally I am convinced that the casting of the adversary and accuser into the Lake of Fire was emblematic of all the Law of the former economy being destroyed forevermore. Prior to this event, Yeshua clarified that those that operated by the dark power of accusation were not true Jews but of its synagogue saying to the church at Smyrna

Re 2:9 I know thy works, and tribulationA real historical event fulfilled in 70 A.D.—not a future apocalyptic crisis. More, and poverty, (but thou art rich) and I know the blasphemy of them which say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue of Satan. 10 Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold, the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried; and ye shall have tribulation ten days: be thou faithful unto deathSeparation from God—now overcome. Physical death remains, but it no longer separates us from life with God., and I will give thee a crown of life.

The Synagogue of Satan

And then to the believers at the Church of Philadelphia He also said,

Revelation 3:8 I know thy works: behold, I have set before thee an open door, and no man can shut it: for thou hast a little strength, and hast kept my word, and hast not denied my name. 9 Behold, I will make them of the synagogue of Satan, which say they are Jews, and are not, but do lie; behold, I will make them to come and worship before thy feet, and to know that I have loved thee. 10 Because thou hast kept the word of my patience, I also will keep thee from the hour of temptation, which shall come upon all the world, to try them that dwell upon the earth. 11 Behold, I come quickly: hold that fast which thou hast, that no man take thy crown.

Christ’s Authority

Because Christ announces, before ascending

Matthew 28:18 All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.

Because we also read from Paul,

Philippians 2:10 That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth;

And because Revelation clearly says,

Revelation 20:10 And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever.

We today, in this age of fulfillment, stand on the idea that the power of accusation on earth according to the law is gone, that the accuser of the brethren in any form or sense is dead and that the only power that remains to tempt and try and seduce exists wherever there is non-God or no presence of God and THAT is the darkness to fear – not some fabricated horned imp.

Okay, onto Psalm 110 – also a Psalm of David and it is only seven verses but it contains some important ideas to discuss. Let’s read

Psalm 110:1 <> YAHAVAH said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. 2 YAHAVAH shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. 3 Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth. 4 YAHAVAH hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. 5 YAHAVAH at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. 6 He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies; he shall wound the heads over many countries. 7 He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head.

I mean, we got a reference set for there that was used by Yeshua against the Jews who criticized and questioned him and we have a reference to the mysterious Melchizedek – what can we say? Note right out the gate that it was King David who wrote this and that the first thing he wrote was,

Psalm 110:1 YAHAVAH said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.

In other words, David wrote, God (whose name is YAHAVAH in my estimation) said to my Lord. In the King James this reads,

Ps 110:1 The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.

And in the Hebrew this really reads, The LORD <Y@hovah> said unto my Lord, <‘adown> Who

Yeshua as David’s Lord

David was referring to the Messiah, Yeshua of Nazareth, that was David’s Adonai, that was David’s Lord. That was not David’s God – YAHAVAH was David’s God – so what we have is David saying, “YAHAVAH (God) said to my Lord and Savior, the anointed one, Yeshua of Nazareth” (and what did God say to David’s Lord Yeshua? He said), “Sit thou at my right hand, (who was to sit at God’s right hand? David’s Lord, Yeshua the Messiah. For how long? He tells us, saying) “until I” (that is YAHAVAH) “make thine (the Lord Yeshua) enemies (the enemies against His Mission, Messiahship, and teachings) thy footstool. (the thing under which the King would rest His feet). Then David goes on and adds more about what God YAHAVAH would do in reference to David’s Lord and says,

Prophetic Exclamations

2 YAHAVAH shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. 3 Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth. 4 YAHAVAH hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. 5 YAHAVAH at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. 6 He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies; he shall wound the heads over many countries. 7 He shall drink of the brook in the way: therefore shall he lift up the head. All prophetic exclamations linked to what YAHAVAH swore about His Son, David’s Lord.

First, that Yeshua David’s Lord would only be at the right hand of YAHAVAH until… Until when? Until YAHAVAH put all enemies of His Son under His Son’s feet. This very line, cited in Hebrews, is what launched me into seeing fulfillment by the end of it all. It proved to me that Yeshua of Nazareth had a mission and purpose that would culminate and arrive at an apex – and then it would be over, as Paul makes clear in 1st Corinthians 15 when he said, speaking of the return of Christ and the resurrection that would follow in thereafter wrote,

Melchizedek’s Order

1st Corinthians 15:22 For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive. 23 But each in his own order: Christ the first fruits, then at his coming those who belong to Christ. 24 Then comes the end, when he delivers the kingdom to God the Father after destroying every rule and every authority and power. 25 For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. 26 The last enemy to be destroyed is death. 27 “For God has put all things in subjection under his feet.” But when it says, “All things are put in subjection under him,” it is plain that he is excepted who put all things under him. 28 When all things are subjected to him, then the Son himself will also be subjected to him who put all things under him, that God may be everything to everyone (says the Revised but the King James reads, that God may be all in all). We maintain yet again, this is the state of the world since the 70AD return. We also note that David, in describing what YAHAVAH would say to His Lord added, 4 YAHAVAH hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. So much has been said about this order but let me cut to the quick and around all the mularky surrounding this description.

First of all, Melchizedek is described in scripture as: Hebrews 7:1 For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; 2 To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace; 3 Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually. This was not a man – if ever there was an Old Testament type for the incarnate Christ I suggest it was him. Then,

The Unchangeable Priesthood

“But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood.” That Greek term translated to unchangeable priesthood comes from the word, aparabatos, and it means unchangeable not transferable, so relegated to one. Then listen to what the writer of Hebrews said about this Psalm when he wrote,

Hebrew 5:1 For every high priest chosen from among men is appointed to act on behalf of men in relation to God, to offer gifts and sacrifices for sins. 2 He can deal gently with the ignorant and wayward, since he himself is beset with weakness. 3 Because of this he is bound to offer sacrifice for his own sins as well as for those of the people. 4 And one does not take the honor upon himself, but he is called by God, just as Aaron was. 5 So also Christ did not exalt himself to be made a high priest, but was appointed by him who said to him, “Thou art my Son, today I have begotten thee”; 6 as he says also in another place, “Thou art a priest for ever, after the order of Melchizedek.” 7 In the days of his flesh, Jesus offered up prayers and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to him who was able to save him from death, and he was heard for his godly fear. 8 Although he was a Son, he learned obedience through what he suffered; 9 and being made perfect he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him, 10 being designated by God a high priest after the order of Melchizedek.

The Order of Melchizedek

Then adding depth, the writer says in chapter 7, Hebrews 7:11 Now if perfection had been attainable through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people received the law), what further need would there have been for another priest to arise after the order of Melchizedek, rather than one named after the order of Aaron? 12 For when there is a change in the priesthood, there is necessarily a change in the law as well. 13 For the one of whom these things are spoken belonged to another tribe, from which no one has ever served at the altar. 14 For it is evident that our Lord was descended from Judah, and in connection with that tribe Moses said nothing about priests. 15 This becomes even more evident when another priest arises in the likeness of Melchizedek, 16 who has become a priest, not according to a legal requirement concerning bodily descent but by the power of an indestructible life. 17 For it is witnessed of him, “Thou art a priest for ever, after the order of Melchizedek.” 18 On the one hand, a former commandment is set aside because of its weakness and uselessness 19 (for the law made nothing perfect); on the other hand, a better hope is introduced, through which we draw near to God.

Jesus as the Better Covenant

20 And it was not without an oath. 21 Those who formerly became priests took their office without an oath, but this one was addressed with an oath, “The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, ‘Thou art a priest for ever.'” 22 This makes Jesus the surety of a better covenant. 23 The former priests were many in number, because they were prevented by death from continuing in office; 24 but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues for ever. 25 Consequently he is able for all time to save those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them. 26 For it was fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, blameless, unstained, separated from sinners, exalted above the heavens. 27 He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people; he did this once for all when he offered up himself. 28 Indeed, the law appoints men in their weakness as high priests, but the word of the oath, which came later than the law, appoints a Son who has been made perfect for ever.

Bottom line – Christ alone bears this priesthood promised Him. We will stop here. Questions/Comments PRAYER